1
 Savings and loans reject blacks for mortgage loans twice as often
5001
Contrast

2
 as they reject whites, 
5001
Contrast

3
the Office of Thrift Supervision said.
5001
attribution

4
 But that doesn't necessarily mean thrifts are discriminating against blacks, 
5003
span

5
the agency said.
4
attribution

6
 The office, an arm of the Treasury, said 
5006
attribution

7
it doesn't have data on the financial position of applicants 
5005
Consequence

8
and thus can't determine 
9
attribution-n

9
why blacks are rejected more often.
5005
span

10
 Nevertheless, on Capitol Hill,
5010
span

11
 where the information was released yesterday at a Senate banking subcommittee hearing, 
10
elaboration-additional-e

12
lawmakers said 
5011
Same-Unit

13
they are worried 
14
attribution

14
that financial institutions are routinely discriminating against minorities.
5012
span

15
 They asked regulators to suggest new ways 
5015
span

16
to force banks and thrifts to comply with anti-discrimination laws.
15
elaboration-object-attribute-e

17
 Sen. Alan Dixon 
5017
span

18
(D, Ill.),
17
elaboration-additional-e

19
 chairman of the subcommittee on consumer and regulatory affairs, said, 
5018
Same-Unit

20
I'm not a statistician.
5019
span

21
 But 
5023
Same-Unit

22
when blacks are getting their loan applications rejected twice as often as whites 
5020
span

23
-- and in some cities, it is three and four times as often -- 
22
elaboration-additional-e

24
I conclude 
25
attribution

25
that discrimination is part of the problem.
5022
span

26
 James Grohl, a spokesman for the U.S. League of Savings Institutions, said, 
5030
attribution

27
The data is a red flag, 
5028
antithesis

28
but 
5028
Same-Unit

29
lacking the financial data 
5029
circumstance-e

30
you can't make a case 
5029
span

31
that discrimination is widespread. 
30
elaboration-object-attribute-e

32
The trade group official added: 
33
attribution

33
Certainly the federal government should take a hard look at it.
5032
span

34
 Sen. Dixon held the hearing 
5035
span

35
to follow up on a provision in the savings and loan bailout bill 
5036
span

36
that required regulators to report on evidence of discimination in mortgage lending.
35
elaboration-object-attribute-e

37
 The legislation also requires broad new disclosures of the race, sex and income level of borrowers, 
38
concession

38
but that information won't be gathered in new studies for several months at least.
5037
span

39
 The Federal Reserve said 
5042
attribution

40
its studies in recent years, 
5040
span

41
which adjust for income differences and other variables, 
40
elaboration-additional-e

42
showed 
5041
Same-Unit

43
that blacks received fewer home mortgages from banks and thrifts than whites. 
5042
span

44
But John LaWare, a Fed governor, told the subcommittee 
5044
attribution

45
the evidence is mixed 
5044
Interpretation

46
and that the Fed's believes 
47
attribution

47
the vast majority of banks aren't discriminating.
5043
span

48
 For instance, 
5046
span

49
he noted, 
48
attribution-e

50
the Fed studies have shown 
51
attribution

51
that blacks receive more home improvement loans than whites. 
5048
span

52
 Several lawmakers were angered 
5067
span

53
that the bank and thrift regulators generally said 
5065
attribution

54
they have been too busy handling the record number of bank and thrift failures in the past few years 
5065
span

55
to put much energy into investigating possible discrimination.
54
consequence-s

56
 We would be the first to admit 
5068
attribution

57
that we have not devoted the necessary amount of emphasis over the past several years 
5068
span

58
to developing examinations for discrimination,
57
purpose

59
 said Jonathan Fiechter, a top official of the Office of Thrift Supervision.
5069
attribution

60
 If we've got folks out there 
5073
span

61
who are being turned away in the mortgage market improperly and unfairly, 
60
elaboration-object-attribute-e

62
said Sen. Donald Riegle 
5075
span

63
(D., Mich.), 
62
elaboration-additional-e

64
chairman of the banking committee,
5076
Same-Unit

65
 then that is a matter 
5077
span

66
that needs remedy now, not six months from now, or six years from now, or 26 years from now.
65
elaboration-object-attribute-e

67
 Officials of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency said 
68
attribution

68
they have punished only a few banks for violations of anti-discrimination laws.
5080
span

69
 The FDIC said 
70
attribution

70
it has issued five citations to banks over the past three years for discriminatory practices.
5081
span

71
 The comptroller's office said 
72
attribution

72
it found no indications of illegal discrimination in 3,437 examinations of banks since April 1987.
5083
span

73
 The comptroller's office also said 
5085
attribution

74
that of 37,000 complaints 
5084
span

75
it received since January 1987, 
74
elaboration-object-attribute-e

76
only 16 alleged racial discrimination in real estate lending.
5085
Same-Unit

77
 The agency investigated the complaints 
78
result

78
but no violations were cited.
5088
span

79
 Thrift regulators didn't give any figures on their enforcement actions. 
5087
antithesis

80
 Mr. Fiechter said 
5095
attribution

81
that among the possibilities 
5094
span

82
being considered by regulators 
5093
span

83
to fight discrimination 
82
purpose

84
is the use of testers 
5097
span

85
-- government investigators 
5096
span

86
who would pose as home buyers.
85
elaboration-object-attribute-e

87
 The Department of Housing and Urban Development has used testers 
5098
span

88
to investigate discrimination in rental housing.
87
purpose

89
 Using testers could be controversial with financial institutions, 
5101
concession

90
but Mr. Grohl said 
91
attribution

91
the U.S. League of Savings Institutions hadn't yet taken any position on the matter. 
5101
span

5001
multinuc
5002
span

5002
span
5060
span

5003
span
5052
span

5004
span



5005
span
5007
span

5006
multinuc
5008
span

5007
span
5006
Consequence

5008
span
5003
explanation-argumentative

5009
span



5010
span
5011
Same-Unit

5011
multinuc
5012
attribution

5012
span
5013
span

5013
span
5054
Problem-Solution

5014
span



5015
span
5054
Problem-Solution

5016
span



5017
span
5018
Same-Unit

5018
multinuc
20
attribution

5019
span
5023
antithesis

5020
span
5022
circumstance

5021
span



5022
span
5057
span

5023
multinuc
5025
span

5024
span



5025
span
5054
elaboration-additional

5026
span



5027
span



5028
multinuc
5030
span

5029
span
5104
span

5030
span
5031
span

5031
span
5032
concession

5032
span
5033
span

5033
span
5060
elaboration-additional

5034
span



5035
span
5038
span

5036
span
34
purpose

5037
span
5035
elaboration-additional

5038
span
5064
span

5039
span
5063
Contrast

5040
span
5041
Same-Unit

5041
multinuc
43
attribution

5042
span
5039
span

5043
span
5044
Interpretation

5044
multinuc
5045
span

5045
span
5049
span

5046
span
5047
Same-Unit

5047
multinuc
5045
example

5048
span
5047
Same-Unit

5049
span
5063
Contrast

5050
span



5051
span



5052
span
5058
Contrast

5053
span



5054
multinuc
5055
span

5055
span
5058
Contrast

5056
span



5057
span
5023
Same-Unit

5058
multinuc
5002
interpretation-s

5059
span



5060
span
5061
span

5061
span
5062
Problem-Solution

5062
multinuc



5063
multinuc
5038
elaboration-additional

5064
span
5072
span

5065
span
5066
span

5066
span
52
reason

5067
span
5071
Statement-Response

5068
span
5069
span

5069
span
5070
span

5070
span
5071
Statement-Response

5071
multinuc
5079
span

5072
span
5105
span

5073
span
5074
span

5074
span
5077
condition

5075
span
5076
Same-Unit

5076
multinuc
5073
attribution

5077
span
5078
span

5078
span
5092
Contrast

5079
span
5064
elaboration-additional

5080
span
5082
span

5081
span
5080
elaboration-additional

5082
span
5091
List

5083
span
5087
span

5084
span
5085
Same-Unit

5085
multinuc
5086
span

5086
span
5089
span

5087
span
5090
span

5088
span
5086
elaboration-additional

5089
span
5083
elaboration-additional

5090
span
5091
List

5091
multinuc
5092
Contrast

5092
multinuc
5071
elaboration-additional

5093
span
81
elaboration-object-attribute-e

5094
span
5095
Same-Unit

5095
multinuc
5099
span

5096
span
84
definition

5097
span
5095
Same-Unit

5098
span
5099
background

5099
span
5100
span

5100
span
5103
Contrast

5101
span
5102
span

5102
span
5103
Contrast

5103
multinuc
5072
means

5104
span
5028
Same-Unit

5105
span
5062
Problem-Solution

