### Corpus description, PPCMBE2, release 2

- General information
- Conventions governing filenames
  - General conventions
  - Special cases
  - Name vs. title
  - Women's names
- Wordcount information

#### General information

The Penn Parsed Corpus of Modern British English, 2nd edition (PPCMBE2), consisting of almost 2.8 million words, is part of an overarching project at the University of Pennsylvania and the University of York to produce syntactically annotated corpora for all stages of the history of English. Each of the 278 text samples in the corpus is available in three forms: parsed, part-of-speech tagged, and unannotated text. In addition, there is a file with philological and bibliographical information about each text.

The second edition includes the 101 text samples from the first edition, together with 174 further text samples. Errors in the samples from the first edition that we have found ourselves or that have been reported to us are corrected in this edition. As with the first edition, the genre composition of the second edition has been kept as close as possible to that of the Penn-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Early Modern English (PPCEME), except that we have added no further statutes to the second edition. The samples from the first and the second editions are distinguished by a trailing "-1" or "-2", respectively, in their filenames.

#### Conventions governing filenames

#### General conventions

> The texts in the corpus are generally named after their author. Different authors with the same surname are distinguished by appending Arabic numerals to the shared surname (for instance, "turner1", "turner2", "turner3"). Works by authors whose names are not known are either named for some salient feature of the text, such as the profession of the author ("midshipman", "officer") or the title of the work ("erv", "grafting", "statutes"), or they are named "anon1", "anon2", etc.

> The filenames for the texts also include the year of composition or publication. Texts that span several years within a decade contain "x" instead of a last digit. Texts from separate decades are generally given their own files. For instance, nightingale-188x and nightingale-189x contain Florence Nightingale's letters from the 1880s and 1890s, respectively. However, when the material from a decade is not very extensive, it is subsumed in a file for a contiguous decade. For instance, forster2-191x contains a few letters from 1909.

> As noted above, the second edition of the PPCMBE contains more text samples than the first edition. In some cases, the additional samples extend the original sample by a given author; in other cases, the additional samples are by authors not represented in the first edition. In both cases, the filenames for the samples from the first edition contain a trailing "-1"; the samples that have been added to the second edition contain a trailing "-2".

#### Special cases

> The sample of Queen Victoria's private letters from the first edition has been renamed from "victoria-186x" to "victoria-186x-private-letters" in order to explicitly distinguish it from the contemporaneous sample of official letters added in the second edition.

> The trial proceedings in frost-1840 were not available in time for the first edition of the PPCMBE. The current sample is divided into two parts. The first (frost-1840-1) is the sample that would have been included in the first edition, had it been available. The second sample (frost-1840-2) augments the first.

#### Name vs. title

> Following the conventions of the Helsinki Corpus, authors are identified by name rather than by title. Sovereigns of England are identified by their given name. For instance, George III and Victoria are identified as "george" and "victoria". Members of the nobility or gentry are identified by their surname. For instance, John William Strutt, third Baron Rayleigh, and Arthur Wellesley, first duke of Wellington, appear in the corpus as "strutt" and "wellesley", even though they are better known as Lord Rayleigh and the Duke of Wellington.

#### Women's names

> The confusing issues regarding women's names that arose in the PPCEME do not arise in the present corpus.

#### Wordcount information

Wordcounts for the individual text samples, along with date and genre information, are given below. If cut and pasted into a text file, the resulting file can be imported into other applications; the field separator is the space character. The wordcounts exclude punctuation and extralinguistic material such as page numbers or token ID numbers.

    Text Date Genre Wordcount
    adams-1787-2 1787 SCIENCE_OTHER 8899
    albin-1736-1 1736 SCIENCE_OTHER 8825
    andrews1-1785-2 1785 HISTORY 8734
    andrews2-1796-2 1796 HISTORY 8994
    anon1-1711-1 1711 EDUC_TREATISE 6090
    anon2-1732-2 1732 EDUC_TREATISE 7235
    anon3-1772-2 1772 BIOGRAPHY_OTHER 9680
    anon4-1791-2 1791 TRAVELOGUE 9986
    austen-180x-1 1805-1808 LETTERS_PRIV 9647
    austen-1815-2 1815 FICTION 9419
    austen-181x-2 1816-1817 LETTERS_PRIV 9778
    bain-1878-1 1878 EDUC_TREATISE 9091
    baker-1742-2 1742 SCIENCE_OTHER 8823
    barclay-1743-1 1743 EDUC_TREATISE 9416
    barclay-1743-2 1743 EDUC_TREATISE 1817
    bardsley-1807-1 1807 SCIENCE_MEDICINE 7680
    barton-gresswell-1906-2 1906 SCIENCE_MEDICINE 7868
    beale-1898-2 1898 EDUC_TREATISE 9073
    beddingfield-1763-2 1763 PROCEEDINGS_TRIAL 8606
    bell-1911-2 1911 TRAVELOGUE 10051
    bennett-1911-2 1911 DRAMA_COMEDY 9560
    benson-1908-1 1908 EDUC_TREATISE 9042
    benson-190x-1 1905-1906 DIARY_PRIV 9982
    boethja-1897-1 1897 PHILOSOPHY 7935
    boethja-1897-2 1897 PHILOSOPHY 15997
    boethri-1785-1 1785 PHILOSOPHY 9173
    boethri-1785-2 1785 PHILOSOPHY 20642
    boswell-1768-2 1768 HISTORY 8751
    boswell-1776-1 1776 DIARY_PRIV 9889
    boswell-1783-2 1783 DIARY_PRIV 9885
    boswell-178x-2 1786-1788 LETTERS_PRIV 9601
    boswell-1791-2 1791 BIOGRAPHY_OTHER 9781
    bracken-1738-2 1738 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9148
    bradley1-1905-1 1905 TRAVELOGUE 10285
    bradley2-1760-2 1760 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9037
    brady-1713-2 1713 SERMON 9015
    brightland-1711-1 1711 EDUC_TREATISE 1343
    bronte-1848-2 1848 FICTION 9572
    brough-1867-2 1867 DRAMA_COMEDY 9664
    brougham1-1861-1 1861 DRAMA_COMEDY 10040
    brougham2-1825-2 1825 EDUC_TREATISE 9262
    burney-1768-2 1768 DIARY_PRIV 9964
    burney-1782-2 1782 FICTION 9336
    burney-1792-2 1792 DIARY_PRIV 9896
    burton1-1762-1 1762 SERMON 9111
    burton2-1857-2 1857 TRAVELOGUE 10042
    butler-1726-1 1726 SERMON 9090
    carlyle-1835-1 1835 LETTERS_PRIV 9342
    carlyle-1837-1 1837 HISTORY 8727
    carlyle-1858-2 1858 BIOGRAPHY_OTHER 9696
    centlivre-1723-2 1723 DRAMA_COMEDY 10053
    chapman-1774-1 1774 EDUC_TREATISE 9024
    cibber-1740-1 1740 BIOGRAPHY_AUTO 10041
    clarke-1730-2 1730 EDUC_TREATISE 9053
    cobbett-1838-2 1838 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9122
    coleridge-1825-2 1825 LETTERS_PRIV 9530
    collier-1835-1 1835 DRAMA_COMEDY 9448
    colman-1805-1 1805 DRAMA_COMEDY 10143
    cook1-1776-1 1776 TRAVELOGUE 10165
    cook2-1901-2 1901 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9037
    cooke1-1712-1 1712 TRAVELOGUE 10019
    cooke2-1770-2 1770 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9004
    coyne-1855-2 1855 DRAMA_COMEDY 9623
    crossfield-1796-2 1796 PROCEEDINGS_TRIAL 27909
    dalton-1808-2 1808 SCIENCE_OTHER 8866
    darwin-1835-2 1835 TRAVELOGUE 10079
    darwin-1842-2 1842 SCIENCE_OTHER 8870
    davy-1814-2 1814 SCIENCE_OTHER 8830
    davys-1716-1 1716 DRAMA_COMEDY 10294
    decourcy-1776-2 1776 SERMON 9113
    defoe-1719-1 1719 FICTION 9368
    dickens-1837-1 1837 FICTION 9436
    disraeli-1827-2 1827 FICTION 9391
    doddridge-1747-1 1747 BIOGRAPHY_OTHER 10434
    doyle-1905-2 1905 FICTION 9294
    drummond-1718-1 1718 HANDBOOK_OTHER 7897
    ellis-1851-2 1851 EDUC_TREATISE 9067
    erv-new-1881-1 1881 BIBLE 10955
    erv-new-1881-2 1881 BIBLE 22999
    erv-old-1885-1 1885 BIBLE 10250
    erv-old-1885-2 1885 BIBLE 20754
    fallowfield-1791-2 1791 HANDBOOK_OTHER 8900
    faraday-1859-1 1859 SCIENCE_OTHER 8812
    fayrer-1900-1 1900 BIOGRAPHY_AUTO 7735
    fayrer-1900-2 1900 BIOGRAPHY_AUTO 1767
    ferguson-1756-2 1756 SCIENCE_OTHER 8875
    fielding1-1735-2 1735 DRAMA_COMEDY 10064
    fielding1-1749-1 1749 FICTION 9381
    fielding1-1754-2 1754 TRAVELOGUE 10037
    fielding2-1744-2 1744 FICTION 9324
    fleming-1886-1 1886 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9024
    forster1-1827-2 1827 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9024
    forster2-1910-2 1910 FICTION 9447
    forster2-191x-2 1909-1911 LETTERS_PRIV 9402
    frost-1840-1 1840 PROCEEDINGS_TRIAL 27992
    frost-1840-2 1840 PROCEEDINGS_TRIAL 13973
    froude-1830-1 1830 SERMON 9241
    garrick-1759-2 1759 DRAMA_COMEDY 9139
    george-1763-1 1763 LETTERS_NON-PRIV 4932
    gibbon-1776-1 1776 HISTORY 8800
    gibbon-1789-2 1789 BIOGRAPHY_AUTO 7727
    gibson-1729-2 1729 HISTORY 8743
    gisborne-1802-2 1802 SERMON 9164
    gladstone-1873-1 1873 LETTERS_NON-PRIV 11231
    godwin-1805-1 1805 FICTION 9329
    goldsmith-1766-2 1766 FICTION 9350
    goldsmith-1773-1 1773 DRAMA_COMEDY 10377
    gordon-1781-2 1781 PROCEEDINGS_TRIAL 32797
    grafting-1780-1 1780 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9127
    green-1874-2 1874 HISTORY 8702
    greville-1827-2 1827 DIARY_PRIV 9902
    greville-1855-2 1855 DIARY_PRIV 9858
    grey-1914-2 1914 LETTERS_NON-PRIV 11143
    hardy-1874-2 1874 FICTION 9528
    hare-183x-2 1835 SERMON 9303
    harris-177x-2 1773-1776 LETTERS_NON-PRIV 11032
    harris-1797-2 1797 LETTERS_NON-PRIV 11426
    haydon-1808-1 1808 DIARY_PRIV 10001
    haydon-1842-2 1842 DIARY_PRIV 10210
    heber-1815-2 1815 SERMON 8757
    herschel-1797-1 1797 SCIENCE_OTHER 9222
    hind-1707-1 1707 HISTORY 8790
    hobson-173x-2 1730-1735 DIARY_PRIV 9691
    hodgkin-1880-2 1880 HISTORY 8749
    holcroft-1794-2 1794 FICTION 9366
    holmes-letters-1749-1 1749 LETTERS_NON-PRIV 6528
    holmes-trial-1749-1 1749 PROCEEDINGS_TRIAL 20693
    hume-1757-2 1757 HISTORY 8769
    hume-1776-2 1776 BIOGRAPHY_AUTO 2977
    hunt-1844-2 1844 SCIENCE_MEDICINE 7703
    huxley-186x-2 1865-1868 EDUC_TREATISE 9046
    huxley-1889-2 1889 BIOGRAPHY_AUTO 4117
    inchbald-1793-2 1793 DRAMA_COMEDY 9654
    innes-1902-2 1902 HISTORY 8688
    johnson-1759-2 1759 FICTION 9337
    johnson-176x-2 1765-1768 LETTERS_PRIV 9544
    johnson-1775-1 1775 LETTERS_PRIV 9508
    johnstone-1786-2 1786 DRAMA_COMEDY 9672
    justice-1739-2 1739 TRAVELOGUE 10125
    keimer-1718-2 1718 BIOGRAPHY_AUTO 14938
    kimber-1742-1 1742 HISTORY 8826
    kinglake-1844-2 1844 TRAVELOGUE 10062
    kingsley-1897-2 1897 TRAVELOGUE 10040
    kirkland-1774-2 1774 SCIENCE_MEDICINE 7698
    knox-1786-2 1786 TRAVELOGUE 10037
    knyveton-1752-actually-gray-1937-2 1752 DIARY_PRIV 9880
    lancaster1-1806-1 1806 EDUC_TREATISE 9200
    lancaster2-1794-2 1794 EDUC_TREATISE 7544
    lawrence-1908-2 1908 LETTERS_PRIV 9360
    layard-1894-2 1894 TRAVELOGUE 10007
    layer-1723-2 1723 PROCEEDINGS_TRIAL 46381
    leathes-1913-2 1913 EDUC_TREATISE 9038
    lefevre-1843-2 1843 BIOGRAPHY_AUTO 7737
    liddon-1889-2 1889 SERMON 9056
    lind-1753-1 1753 SCIENCE_MEDICINE 7721
    lingard-1823-2 1823 HISTORY 8721
    long-1866-1 1866 HISTORY 8817
    loudon-1806-2 1806 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9163
    lyell-1830-1 1830 SCIENCE_OTHER 8918
    macaulay-1833-2 1833 HISTORY 8870
    macaulay-1843-2 1843 BIOGRAPHY_OTHER 9745
    macaulay-1849-2 1849 HISTORY 8718
    macquarie-1815-2 1815 TRAVELOGUE 10017
    mathews-1875-2 1875 DRAMA_COMEDY 9599
    maurice-1857-2 1857 SERMON 9059
    maxwell-1747-1 1747 HANDBOOK_OTHER 10255
    meredith-188x-2 1885-1886 LETTERS_PRIV 9534
    meredith-1895-1 1895 FICTION 9319
    midshipman-1767-2 1767 TRAVELOGUE 10015
    miles1-1873-2 1873 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9008
    miles2-1893-2 1893 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9209
    mill-1854-2 1854 LETTERS_PRIV 9621
    mill-1871-2 1871 LETTERS_PRIV 9514
    montagu-1718-1 1718 LETTERS_PRIV 9322
    montefiore-1836-1 1836 TRAVELOGUE 10174
    moore-181x-2 1818-1819 DIARY_PRIV 9934
    morris-172x-2 1721-1725 DIARY_PRIV 10386
    morton-1813-2 1813 DRAMA_COMEDY 9669
    newcome-new-1796-1 1796 BIBLE 11027
    newcome-new-1796-2 1796 BIBLE 8112
    nightingale-1848-2 1848 LETTERS_PRIV 9299
    nightingale-188x-1 1888-1889 LETTERS_PRIV 3300
    nightingale-189x-1 1890-1897 LETTERS_PRIV 6195
    oconnell-1844-2 1844 PROCEEDINGS_TRIAL 42067
    officer-1744-1 1744 TRAVELOGUE 10022
    okeeffe-1767-2 1767 DRAMA_COMEDY 8112
    okeeffe-1826-1 1826 BIOGRAPHY_AUTO 8070
    oldmixon-1716-2 1716 BIOGRAPHY_OTHER 11891
    oman-1895-1 1895 HISTORY 8851
    osmer-1759-2 1759 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9071
    owen-1813-2 1813 EDUC_TREATISE 9271
    owen-1847-2 1847 EDUC_TREATISE 10209
    owen-1857-2 1857 BIOGRAPHY_AUTO 9365
    palgrave1-185x-2 1857-1861 HISTORY 8774
    palgrave2-1863-2 1863 TRAVELOGUE 10012
    planche-1827-2 1827 DRAMA_COMEDY 9623
    planche-1846-2 1846 DRAMA_COMEDY 9606
    poore-1876-1 1876 SCIENCE_MEDICINE 7709
    pope-172x-2 1723-1725 LETTERS_PRIV 9519
    priestley-1765-2 1765 EDUC_TREATISE 9364
    priestley-1769-1 1769 SCIENCE_OTHER 8906
    purver-new-1764-1 1764 BIBLE 11092
    purver-new-1764-2 1764 BIBLE 22519
    purver-old-1764-1 1764 BIBLE 9483
    purver-old-1764-2 1764 BIBLE 19298
    pusey-186x-1 1865-1866 SERMON 9015
    pusey-187x-2 1870-1871 SERMON 9100
    reade-1863-1 1863 TRAVELOGUE 10362
    reeve-1777-1 1777 FICTION 9428
    richardson-1858-2 1858 SCIENCE_MEDICINE 7774
    roberts-1726-2 1726 TRAVELOGUE 10116
    robertson-1792-2 1792 SCIENCE_MEDICINE 7719
    ruskin-1835-1 1835 DIARY_PRIV 9852
    ruskin-1882-2 1882 DIARY_PRIV 9943
    ryder-1716-1 1716 DIARY_PRIV 9901
    salmon-1724-2 1724 HISTORY 8846
    shaw-1903-2 1903 DRAMA_COMEDY 9632
    sheridan-1756-2 1756 EDUC_TREATISE 10481
    skeavington-184x-1 1845 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9131
    smollett-175x-2 1755-1759 LETTERS_PRIV 9355
    southey-1813-1 1813 BIOGRAPHY_OTHER 9797
    statutes-171x-1 1715-1716 LAW 11043
    statutes-1745-1 1745 LAW 9164
    statutes-1775-1 1775 LAW 9179
    statutes-1805-1 1805 LAW 9318
    statutes-1835-1 1835 LAW 9241
    statutes-1865-1 1865 LAW 9242
    statutes-1895-1 1895 LAW 9385
    stevens-1745-1 1745 DRAMA_COMEDY 9112
    st-john-1711-2 1711 LETTERS_NON-PRIV 10270
    stokes-1887-2 1887 SCIENCE_OTHER 8912
    strutt-1890-1 1890 SCIENCE_OTHER 8793
    sturt-1890-2 1890 DIARY_PRIV 10014
    sturt-1914-2 1914 DIARY_PRIV 9947
    swift-1726-2 1726 FICTION 9370
    swift-1735-2 1735 LETTERS_PRIV 9371
    talbot-1901-1 1901 SERMON 9135
    temple-1914-2 1914 SERMON 9061
    thackeray-1855-2 1855 FICTION 9416
    thompson-1859-2 1859 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9049
    thomson-1862-2 1862 SCIENCE_OTHER 8974
    thring-187x-1 1870-1872 DIARY_PRIV 10009
    thring-1883-2 1883 EDUC_TREATISE 9153
    tindall-1814-1 1814 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9039
    townley-1746-1 1746 PROCEEDINGS_TRIAL 9973
    trevelyan-1911-2 1911 HISTORY 8733
    trevelyan-1913-2 1913 BIOGRAPHY_OTHER 9948
    trollope-1879-2 1879 FICTION 9340
    trollope-1882-1 1882 BIOGRAPHY_OTHER 9807
    turner1-1799-1 1799 HISTORY 8738
    turner2-1800-1 1800 TRAVELOGUE 10062
    turner3-1722-2 1722 SCIENCE_MEDICINE 7859
    turner4-1756-2 1756 DIARY 3366
    turner4-1761-2 1761 DIARY 3355
    turner4-1765-2 1765 DIARY 3351
    victoria-186x-diary-2 1863-1866 DIARY_PRIV 10006
    victoria-186x-official-letters-2 1864-1866 LETTERS_NON-PRIV 11101
    victoria-186x-private-letters-1 1863-1865 LETTERS_PRIV 9327
    walpole-174x-1 1740-1747 LETTERS_PRIV 9608
    walpole-179x-2 1790-1795 LETTERS_PRIV 9864
    watson-1817-1 1817 PROCEEDINGS_TRIAL 28169
    watts-1726-2 1726 SCIENCE_OTHER 8927
    weathers-1913-1 1913 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9030
    webster-1718-1 1718 EDUC_TREATISE 2328
    wellesley-1815-1 1815 LETTERS_NON-PRIV 11107
    wesley-174x-1 1744-1745 DIARY_PRIV 9889
    wesley-1750-2 1750 SERMON 3620
    wesley-1755-2 1755 SERMON 5165
    whewell-1837-1 1837 EDUC_TREATISE 9275
    white-1784-2 1784 SERMON 9027
    whitefield-1737-2 1737 SERMON 9052
    wilde-1895-1 1895 DRAMA_COMEDY 9711
    william-1832-2 1832 LETTERS_NON-PRIV 11065
    wollaston-1793-1 1793 SERMON 9076
    wollstonecraft-1787-2 1787 EDUC_TREATISE 9281
    wood-1864-2 1864 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9037
    wyld-1725-2 1725 HANDBOOK_OTHER 9190
    yonge-1865-1 1865 FICTION 9324